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Exploring the levels of homocysteine and its relationship with cognitive function in children with attention deficit

Huiting Wang1,2, Ziqi Liu1, Xin Wang1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Neurology, Capital Center For Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Neurology
|November 19, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show higher homocysteine levels, particularly younger males. However, elevated homocysteine did not correlate with cognitive dysfunction in this ADHD cohort.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder often linked to cognitive dysfunction, though its exact causes are unclear.
  • Homocysteine is a known risk factor implicated in cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate serum homocysteine levels in children diagnosed with ADHD.
  • To determine the relationship between homocysteine levels and cognitive function in pediatric ADHD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, case-control study involving 39 children with ADHD and 40 healthy controls.
  • Serum homocysteine levels were measured using an enzyme cycle method.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF).

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD had significantly higher serum total homocysteine levels compared to healthy children (p=0.002).
  • Elevated homocysteine was more pronounced in younger (p=0.001) and male (p=0.010) patients with ADHD.
  • No significant correlation was found between serum homocysteine levels and cognitive function scores (p>0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Children with ADHD exhibit elevated homocysteine levels, especially younger males.
  • This study did not establish a link between homocysteine levels and cognitive impairment in children with ADHD.
Abstract

Keywords:
BRIEFattention deficit hyperactivity disorderchildrencognitive functionhomocysteine

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