Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

936
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
936
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

1.7K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.7K
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

920
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
920
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Extracellular vesicle-mediated HIF-1α delivery promotes durable vascular remodeling via endothelial Dll1-dependent CD163<sup>+</sup> macrophage differentiation.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2026
Same author

Neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-targeted design of protein nanocages for sustained circulation.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Therapeutic reprogramming of circulating myeloid cells via signal regulatory protein α extracellular vesicles in acute kidney injury.

Kidney international·2025
Same author

Directed dielectrophoretic assembly and separation on microelectrodes patterned <i>via</i> stereolithography 3D-printed shadow masks.

Lab on a chip·2025
Same author

Breaking barriers: Engineering extracellular vesicles for enhanced endosomal escape and therapeutic delivery.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2025
Same author

Microfluidics-based electrophoretic capture and Raman analysis of micro/nanoplastics.

Analytica chimica acta·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells
08:02

In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells

Published on: September 23, 2021

3.0K

Bioengineered Extracellular Vesicles in Emerging Cancer Vaccine Platforms.

Wonkyung Ahn1,2, Yeram Lee1, Gi-Hoon Nam2

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea.

Small Science
|November 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based vaccines offer a promising alternative to traditional platforms for immunotherapy, particularly in oncology. These nanoscale vesicles provide a modular approach for antigen delivery, immune activation, and adjuvant effects, enhancing vaccine safety and efficacy.

Keywords:
cancer immunotherapiescancer vaccinesdendritic cell‐derived extracellular vesiclesexosomesextracellular vesiclestumor‐derived extracellular vesiclesvaccines

More Related Videos

Enhancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Extracellular Vesicles (CAR-EV) Technology: The Future of Cancer Therapy
07:33

Enhancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Extracellular Vesicles (CAR-EV) Technology: The Future of Cancer Therapy

Published on: September 19, 2025

716
Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells
08:02

In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells

Published on: September 23, 2021

3.0K
Enhancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Extracellular Vesicles (CAR-EV) Technology: The Future of Cancer Therapy
07:33

Enhancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Extracellular Vesicles (CAR-EV) Technology: The Future of Cancer Therapy

Published on: September 19, 2025

716
Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Conventional vaccine platforms like mRNA face limitations in safety and durability for complex challenges such as cancer.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as a next-generation vaccine platform due to their endogenous origin and immune-modulating properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress in extracellular vesicle (EV)-based cancer vaccine development.
  • To highlight the potential of EVs as a safer, more precise, and broadly applicable immunotherapy platform.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in EV biogenesis and engineering strategies for vaccine design.
  • Analysis of preclinical and clinical evidence for EV-based cancer vaccines.
  • Discussion of strategies for antigen loading, surface modification, and cytokine modulation of EVs.

Main Results:

  • EVs can be engineered for modular vaccine design, integrating antigen delivery, immune activation, and adjuvant functions.
  • Different cellular sources of EVs (dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, tumor cells) yield distinct immunological properties.
  • Emerging evidence supports the translational potential of EV-based cancer vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • EV-based vaccines represent a promising next-generation platform for immunotherapy, especially in oncology.
  • Key challenges including vesicle heterogeneity and manufacturing standardization need to be addressed for clinical advancement.