Scapula Morphometry and Types of Acromion

This study aimed to evaluate the bone anatomy and morphometry of the scapula and to contribute to arthroscopic and surgical interventions for scapular or shoulder disorders.

Fifty dry scapula bones, used for educational purposes at Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, were included in the study. A digital caliper (Rico brand) with a precision of 0.1 mm was used for measurements. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics 24.0 program. Minimum and maximum values, as well as mean and standard deviation, were calculated for each measurement parameter.

The following measurements were obtained: maximum scapula length, 141.2±13.4 mm; outer edge length, 122.6±11.1 mm; scapula width, 95.1±8.1 mm; spina scapula length, 128.0±10.7 mm; base length, 78.2±7.2 mm; acromion length, 43.2±7.1 mm; acromion width, 27.5±5.9 mm. The coracoacromial distance, which is a contributing factor in shoulder impingement syndrome, measured 36.6±6.7 mm. The distance between the acromion and the cavitas glenoidalis was measured at 27.6±5.1 mm. The anteroposterior diameter of the cavitas glenoidalis was 24.5±3 mm, and the maximum superior-inferior diameter was 34.9±3.3 mm. The depth of the cavitas glenoidalis was 4.5±2 mm, with a surface area of 631±139.053 mm². The distance between the processus coracoideus and the cavitas glenoidalis was 24.3±3.6 mm, and the length of the processus coracoideus was found to be 41.1±4.2 mm. The acromion shapes of the scapulae included in the study were classified as flat in 14 cases (28%), curved in 27 cases (54%), and hooked in nine cases (18%).

This study identified both similarities and differences in the measurement results.