Dense polytetrafluoroethylene (dPTFE) membranes for alveolar ridge preservation: a comprehensive clinical review

Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) is a critical procedure to mitigate bone resorption following tooth extraction. This review comprehensively evaluates the current evidence on the use of dense polytetrafluoroethylene (dPTFE) membranes for ARP, assessing their efficacy in maintaining ridge dimensions and promoting tissue regeneration to facilitate future implant placement.

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted using databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Evidence was gathered from various study designs, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series that investigated the use of dPTFE membranes, both alone and in conjunction with bone grafts.

The evidence consistently demonstrates that dPTFE membranes effectively preserve alveolar ridge dimensions. The "open membrane" technique, where the dPTFE is intentionally left exposed, is shown to be a predictable approach that enhances keratinized tissue width with minimal complications. Histological analyses confirm reliable vital bone formation, with outcomes influenced by healing duration and graft material selection. Furthermore, dPTFE membranes have proven effective in managing complex situations, including compromised sockets and oroantral communications.

Dense polytetrafluoroethylene membranes represent a versatile and effective modality for alveolar ridge preservation. Their application, particularly with the open membrane technique, reliably maintains hard and soft tissue architecture, creating favorable conditions for subsequent dental implant rehabilitation.