Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
Published on: November 27, 2019
[Treatment of paracetamol poisoning can be shortened]
Arjen Koppen1, Douwe Dekker1, Dylan W de Lange1
1UMC Utrecht, Nationaal Vergiftigingen Informatie Centrum, Utrecht.
Abstract:
In the Netherlands, 80% of paracetamol poisoned patients is treated for 24 hours with 600 mg/kg body weight of acetylcysteine. In the SNAP regimen, 300 mg/kg acetylcysteine is dosed in 12 hours, with the option to extend the treatment. If paracetamol concentration < 10 mg/L, ALT < 100 U/L, and INR ≤ 1.3, acetylcysteine treatment can be discontinued. Seventy percent of patients treated with the SNAP regimen require only 12 hours of treatment. The SNAP regimen has fewer side effects and is as effective as the previous Dutch acetylcysteine regimen and the international 'Prescott 21-hour' protocol. Recently, two treatment guidelines (NVIC and toxicologie.org) have been revised to adopt the SNAP regimen. Apart from a reduction in side effects, implementing the SNAP regimen for the treatment of paracetamol poisoning in the Netherlands likely reduce hospital stay and healthcare costs.
Related Concept Videos
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison
Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
Enhanced Elimination of Poison
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
Antidotes
Specific antidotes operate by inhibiting the enzymes that control biochemical pathways, reducing the production of harmful metabolites.
An example of an antidote is atropine, which counteracts the detrimental effects of cholinesterase inhibitors. It achieves this by deactivating muscarinic receptors,...
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

