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[Retractions in biomedical research (2000-present): current status].

Jacques Haiech1, Camille Noûs1, Claude Forest1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Biomedical research retractions surged since 2000, driven by fraud and misconduct. Strengthening scientific integrity and reforming publishing practices are crucial for accurate scientific progress.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical research
  • Bibliometrics
  • Scientific publishing

Background:

  • Exponential increase in biomedical research retractions since the early 2000s.
  • Growing structural tensions within the global scientific system.
  • Retractions serve as indicators of systemic issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically synthesize retractions between 2000 and 2025.
  • To analyze bibliometric data and socio-institutional factors.
  • To identify patterns and causes of retractions.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliometric data analysis.
  • Socio-institutional analyses.
  • Distinguishing between honest error and scientific misconduct.

Main Results:

  • Differentiated geographical dynamics in retraction rates.
  • Institutionalization of fraud and misconduct.
  • Typical profiles of retracted authors (male, hyper-productive, poorly supervised).
  • Majority of retractions linked to fraud, plagiarism, or manipulation.
  • Continued citation of retracted articles despite strengthened self-correction.

Conclusions:

  • Scientific self-correction mechanisms are imperfect.
  • Urgent need to rethink academic evaluation criteria.
  • Strengthening scientific integrity and editorial governance is essential.
  • Retractions signal a need for profound reform in scientific publishing practices.