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Efficient Sampling of Genetically Encoded Biosensor Design Space Enabled with a Design of Experiments and Automation Workflow

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Whole-cell and cell-free biosensor-driven metabolic engineering.

Jiho Seok¹, Mark P Styczynski¹

¹School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0100, United States.

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

|November 19, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Metabolic engineering uses biosensors to optimize microbial production of valuable compounds. This review covers advances in whole-cell and cell-free biosensors for efficient pathway engineering.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Synthetic Biology
Metabolic Engineering

Background:

Metabolic engineering utilizes microbial cell factories for producing high-value products from inexpensive feedstocks.
Optimizing biosynthetic pathways in these microbial systems is crucial but often time-consuming and labor-intensive.
Biosensors offer a solution by translating metabolite concentrations into measurable signals, streamlining production assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in biosensor-driven metabolic engineering.
To highlight the distinct contributions of whole-cell and cell-free biosensors.
To provide insights into optimizing microbial biosynthesis.

Main Methods:

Summarizing recent research on biosensor applications in metabolic engineering.
Comparing the methodologies and advantages of whole-cell biosensors.
Comparing the methodologies and advantages of cell-free biosensors.

Main Results:

Biosensors enable efficient assessment of microbial production by converting metabolite levels into observable outputs.
Whole-cell biosensors operate within living cells, leveraging cellular machinery for detection.
Cell-free biosensors utilize transcription-translation systems independently of cell growth.

Conclusions:

Biosensor technology significantly accelerates the design, optimization, and evaluation of metabolic pathways.
Both whole-cell and cell-free biosensors are valuable tools for advancing microbial biosynthesis.
Continued development of biosensors will further enhance the efficiency of metabolic engineering.