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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Food as Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases and Planetary Health.

Tamiko R Katsumoto1, Lily H Sung1, Neha S Shah1

  • 1Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive Suite H305, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

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Summary

Whole-food plant-based diets (WFPBDs) can mitigate environmental damage from animal agriculture. These diets may also improve health outcomes for patients with rheumatic diseases, offering a sustainable and healthful dietary approach.

Keywords:
Endocrine disrupting chemicalsEnvironmental toxinsMediterranean dietPlanetary healthRheumatic diseaseRheumatoid arthritisSystemic lupus erythematosusWhole food plant-based diet

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Nutritional Science
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Animal agriculture significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation.
  • Environmental contaminants in food may impact human health, including rheumatic diseases.
  • Whole-food plant-based diets (WFPBDs) are characterized by predominantly plant-based foods with minimal ultra-processed items.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the environmental impact of animal agriculture.
  • To explore the potential health impacts of environmental contaminants in food, particularly concerning rheumatic diseases.
  • To discuss the evidence supporting WFPBDs for managing rheumatic diseases and the role of rheumatologists in patient education.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on the environmental impact of animal agriculture.
  • Examination of studies on food contaminants and their links to health, including rheumatic conditions.
  • Analysis of research supporting WFPBDs for rheumatic diseases.

Main Results:

  • Animal agriculture is a major driver of climate change and environmental issues.
  • Environmental contaminants pose potential risks to health and may exacerbate rheumatic diseases.
  • Evidence suggests WFPBDs can be beneficial for patients with rheumatic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Shifting towards WFPBDs can help mitigate environmental challenges.
  • WFPBDs show promise in improving health for individuals with rheumatic diseases.
  • Rheumatologists should consider educating patients about WFPBDs as a therapeutic option.