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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Implementation of BIVA for Analyzing Disease Risk Factors in Patients with Low Body Cell Mass
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The Effects of Extreme Heat on Individuals with Rheumatic Conditions: Equity Considerations.

Ana Valle1, Paul F Dellaripa2, Candace H Feldman3

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, USA.

Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
|November 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Rising temperatures disproportionately affect individuals with rheumatic conditions, particularly the elderly and marginalized. Understanding environmental and social factors is crucial for developing effective community and individual-level interventions.

Keywords:
Climate changeEnvironmental scienceExtreme heatHeatRheumatic conditionsRheumatologyVulnerable populations

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Rheumatology
  • Social Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the health impacts of extreme heat on individuals with rheumatic diseases.
  • Vulnerable populations, including the elderly and socioeconomically disadvantaged, face heightened risks from both heat exposure and rheumatic conditions.
  • A comprehensive understanding of interacting risk factors is needed to address the health challenges posed by increasing global temperatures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex interplay of individual, social, and environmental factors influencing the health of individuals with rheumatic conditions during periods of high temperatures.
  • To highlight the need for novel research methodologies integrating environmental data and advanced statistical approaches.
  • To emphasize the importance of community-based strategies in mitigating heat-related health risks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing national and regional environmental data, including temperature and air quality metrics.
  • Establishing partnerships with local environmental agencies for data acquisition and contextual understanding.
  • Employing advanced statistical methods to analyze heat impacts, considering air quality interactions and specific population vulnerabilities.

Main Results:

  • The study identifies significant knowledge gaps regarding the specific impacts of heat on various rheumatic conditions.
  • Preliminary analysis suggests a disproportionate burden of heat-related risks among elderly and marginalized populations with rheumatic diseases.
  • The research underscores the necessity of integrated data sources and sophisticated analytical techniques to accurately assess these risks.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need for research on heat's impact on rheumatic diseases, especially in vulnerable groups.
  • Development of integrated methodologies combining environmental, social, and health data is essential.
  • Community engagement, education, and advocacy are critical for mitigating adverse health outcomes from rising temperatures.