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High internal phase Pickering emulsions stabilized by coconut pomace cellulose nanoparticle-based binary complexes:
Juntao Wang1, Zexin Wang1, Shiqiong Chen1
1School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.)
|November 21, 2025
Summary
Coconut pomace cellulose nanoparticles were enhanced with binary complexes to improve high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) stability. The CPCNPs-XG complex demonstrated superior performance, enabling advanced 3D food printing applications.
Area of Science:
- Food Science and Technology
- Materials Science
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Plant-based particles are increasingly used as food-grade stabilizers for high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs).
- Coconut pomace cellulose nanoparticles (CPCNPs) show potential but have limitations in interfacial adsorption and viscoelasticity for HIPEs.
- Developing novel stabilizers is crucial for enhancing HIPE stability and functionality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To create and evaluate binary complexes of CPCNPs with tannic acid, sodium alginate, and xanthan gum to improve HIPE stability.
- To investigate the interfacial properties and impact of these complexes on HIPE characteristics.
- To assess the potential of these enhanced HIPEs in 3D food printing applications.
Main Methods:
- Formation of binary complexes: CPCNPs-TA, CPCNPs-SA, and CPCNPs-XG.
- Characterization of complexes using structural and interfacial analyses (quartz crystal microbalance, dilatational rheology).
- Evaluation of HIPE properties including rheology, gel characteristics, oxidative stability, and 3D printability.
Main Results:
- Binary complexes, particularly CPCNPs-XG, significantly enhanced interfacial adsorption and viscoelasticity compared to CPCNPs alone.
- All binary complexes improved HIPE rheology, gel properties, and oxidative stability.
- CPCNPs-XG-based HIPEs exhibited superior resistance to coalescence and degradation.
- Incorporation of β-carotene or anthocyanins further improved texture and stability.
- HIPEs demonstrated excellent 3D printability, with CPCNPs-XG-anthocyanins showing the best shape fidelity.
Conclusions:
- Synergistic effects of CPCNP-based binary complexes and functional loadings enhance HIPE stability and functionality.
- CPCNPs-XG is a promising stabilizer for robust HIPEs.
- These findings support the development of bioactive food-grade inks for 3D printing using enhanced HIPEs.
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