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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
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Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
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Auditory Pathway01:15

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
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Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Hearing Loss: From Basic to Clinical Science.

Renjie Chai1,2,3,4, Hai Huang5, Jing Zou6,7

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|November 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Hearing loss (HL) impacts over 1.5 billion globally, with genetics causing half of congenital cases. Research explores HL mechanisms, protection, and gene therapy applications for this growing health issue.

Keywords:
hearing lossspecial collection

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Hearing loss (HL) is a significant global health concern affecting over 1.5 billion individuals.
  • Genetic factors are implicated in approximately 50% of congenital hearing loss cases.
  • HL research spans basic science, clinical applications, and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a comprehensive collection of research on hearing loss (HL).
  • To highlight advancements in understanding HL mechanisms and protection methods.
  • To explore the application of gene therapy and clinical studies in managing HL.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of 31 papers: 9 reviews, 21 research articles, 1 perspective.
  • Synthesis of findings on basic HL mechanisms and protective strategies.
  • Review of gene therapy applications and clinical studies for HL.

Main Results:

  • The collection covers fundamental mechanisms and potential protection methods for HL.
  • It details the progress and application of gene therapy in treating HL.
  • Clinical studies and their applications in HL management are also featured.

Conclusions:

  • This collection provides a broad overview of current research in hearing loss.
  • It underscores the importance of genetic factors and the potential of gene therapy.
  • The findings emphasize the ongoing efforts to address HL as a global health issue.