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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
Published on: May 24, 2017
Distribution of vape stores relative to educational institutions in the District of Columbia: a mapping study
Amna Aijaz1,2, Gigi Baer3, Katie Li4
1George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Background:
E-cigarette companies target youth by selling vaping products (VPs) near educational Institutions (EIs). We aim to assess if vape stores (VS) are spatially related to EIs in DC.
Methods:
Using ArcGIS, we displayed EIs and VS over the DC wards map. We computed spatial features and statistics. We made thematic maps, representing counts, spatial risks, and population risks of EIs, VS, and VS near EIs.
Results:
The highest spatial risk of EIs, VS, and VS near EIs were in Wards 1, 2, and 6. A Hot Spot Analysis confirmed that 'hotter' EIs (those with more VS near them) were in Wards 1, 2, and 6. These wards had the greatest at-risk population (most Whites, least unemployed aged > = 16 years, least with low education attainment, and highest median household income). The average nearest neighbor distance between VS near EIs was 225.7 meters. This represented a clustered pattern of VS near EIs (P < .0001).
Conclusion:
VS and EIs in DC appear spatially related, in clustered patterns. VS near EIs were most densely located in Wards 1, 2, and 6, (the more affluent wards). Bans on the sale of VPs near EIs must be enforced.
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