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Risks Associated With Sexual Orientation Change Efforts on Youth: A European Cross-National Study.
Sara Costa1, Giulia Graziano1, Stephen T Russell2
1Department of Education, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy.
Summary
Sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) harm sexual minority youth, increasing risks for depression, anxiety, and suicidality. Interventions are needed to prevent SOCE and mitigate its severe mental health impacts.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Public Health
- Sociology
Background:
- Sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) are widely recognized as harmful practices.
- These practices are linked to significant adverse mental health outcomes in sexual minority (SM) individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sociodemographic factors associated with exposure to SOCE.
- To examine the relationship between SOCE experiences and mental health risks (depression, anxiety, suicidality).
- To analyze how SOCE characteristics (recency, frequency, practitioners) influence mental health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A cross-European online survey was conducted with 11,642 sexual minority adolescents.
- Data were collected between 2020 and 2022 across 12 European countries.
- Standardized instruments assessed depression, anxiety, and suicidality symptoms.
Main Results:
- Approximately 10% of participants reported experiencing SOCE, with higher rates among younger, immigrant, and religiously affiliated individuals.
- SOCE exposure was significantly associated with increased depression, anxiety, and suicidality.
- Factors like recency, frequency, and multiple practitioners of SOCE correlated with heightened mental health risks, particularly in younger individuals.
Conclusions:
- Findings underscore the detrimental impact of SOCE on the mental well-being of sexual minority youth.
- There is an urgent need for policies and interventions to prevent SOCE.
- Addressing the harmful effects of SOCE is crucial for supporting the mental health of SM youth.
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