Brown fermented milk alleviates diarrhea via unique metabolomic mechanisms

Diarrhea globally impacts health and productivity. This study employed a mouse model (NC, MODEL, IMAU32642, and IMAU60048), we found brown fermented milk significantly reduced loose stool rates and inflammatory response. Metabolomics identified 37 metabolites associated with the therapeutic effects of brown fermented milk. Both IMAU32642 and IMAU60048 treatments significantly alleviated diarrhea symptoms. The levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were significantly elevated (P < 0.05), mitigating the inflammatory response. Metabolomics analysis revealed that diaminopimelic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxystrychnine, and uric acid levels were inversely correlated with loose stool rates and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β while positively correlating with IL-10 levels. Among the groups, IMAU60048 showed a more significant ability to regulate inflammation, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention. This study offers valuable insights into the role of brown fermented milk in alleviating diarrhea, emphasizing its anti-inflammatory properties and potential underlying mechanisms.