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Periodontitis and renal function decline in type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.
Risako Mikami1, Koji Mizutani2, Miho Ishimaru3
1Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Periodontitis, a gum disease, may worsen kidney function in type 2 diabetes patients. This effect appears independent of blood sugar control, highlighting a direct link between gum health and kidney health.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Periodontology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Periodontitis is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).
- Renal function decline is a common complication in T2D.
- The relationship between periodontitis and renal function in T2D requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of periodontitis on renal function in T2D patients.
- To explore potential mediating pathways, including glycemic control, in this association.
Main Methods:
- A six-month prospective study of 73 T2D patients with poorly controlled diabetes.
- Assessment of renal function (eGFR) and periodontal parameters at baseline.
- Regression and causal mediation analyses to determine associations and pathways.
Main Results:
- A significant decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was observed (p < 0.001).
- eGFR decline was associated with periodontitis severity and inflammatory surface area.
- Glycemic control did not significantly mediate the relationship between periodontitis and eGFR decline.
Conclusions:
- Periodontitis may directly contribute to renal function decline in T2D patients.
- The detrimental effect of periodontitis on kidney function appears to be partly independent of glycemic control.
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