Effect of uranium pollution on the Arachis Hypogaea rhizosphere microbial community

To investigate the effects of uranium pollution on the community structure of Arachis hypogaea rhizosphere microorganisms, laboratory-simulated uranium contamination was simulated using farmland soil surrounding uranium mining areas, with 50 mg·kg^- 1 and 100 mg·kg^- 1 UO₂ (NO₃)₂·6H₂O added. Meanwhile, untreated soil samples served as controls. The diversity and community structure of soil fungi under different uranium concentrations were determined by combining Illumina NovaSeq 6000 high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis methods. The results showed that: 1)Fungi were more sensitive to uranium stress than bacteria. The diversity and evenness of rhizosphere fungi in Arachis hypogaea were reduced under 100 mg·kg^- 1 uranium treatment. 2) Uranium exerted an important influence on fungal community composition: the Mortierella abundance was decreased markedly, while that of Psathyrella increased significantly. Low concentrations of uranium stimulate bacterial population abundance, whereas high concentrations inhibit it. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota. 3) Identified microbial species with uranium tolerance, including Archaeorhizomyces-borealis, Briansuttonomyces_eucalypti, Cyphellophora_sessilis, Thermoascus_aurantiacus, Hyphomicrobium_facile, and Dethiosulfatarculus_sandiegensi. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for evaluating and remediating uranium-polluted ecological environments.