Research hotspots and trends of robotic rectal cancer surgery: a bibliometric analysis (2006-2025)

Rectal cancer presents complex surgical challenges due to the confined pelvic anatomy. Robotic-assisted surgery has gained prominence for its enhanced precision, dexterity, and ergonomics compared to conventional laparoscopy. This bibliometric analysis examined 598 English-language publications from 2006 to 2025 indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOS viewer were used to map global research trends, institutional networks, and author contributions. The United States, Japan, and China were identified as leading contributors, with Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo University of Science, and Cleveland Clinic among the top institutions. Yusuke Kinugasa, Akio Shiomi, and Hiroyasu Kagawa were the most prolific authors. Early research focused on technical feasibility and learning curves, while recent studies emphasize survival outcomes, risk stratification, and comparisons with open resection. Emerging themes include functional preservation, nerve-sparing techniques, and integration of artificial intelligence and intraoperative imaging. The field is evolving toward personalized, multidisciplinary care. Despite technological advances, broader adoption and stronger institutional collaboration remain essential to fully realize the potential of robotic rectal cancer surgery.