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Short stature in children with primary congenital glaucoma-a retrospective cross-sectional study

Rafaa Babgi1, Ibrahim Al-Obaida1, Adi Mohammed Al Owaifeer2

  • 1King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|November 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) may experience short stature. This pilot study found a significant association between PCG and reduced height, though weight was generally normal for age.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Clinical observations suggest a link between primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and short stature in children.
  • PCG is a rare genetic disorder affecting infants, characterized by increased intraocular pressure and optic nerve damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential association between primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and short stature in pediatric patients.
  • To determine if children diagnosed with PCG exhibit growth patterns indicative of short stature.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 93 children diagnosed with PCG between January 2014 and December 2020.
  • Extraction of baseline characteristics, height, and weight data; calculation of height and weight Z-scores using standard growth charts.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half of the 93 PCG patients (46%) exhibited moderate to severe short stature (Z score < -2).
  • A significant proportion (29%) had severe short stature (Z score < -3).
  • Despite short stature, only 6% of patients were classified as underweight, indicating normal weight for their age.

Conclusions:

  • The study suggests a potential correlation between primary congenital glaucoma and shorter stature in children.
  • Further prospective research with larger cohorts is recommended to confirm these findings and explore confounding factors like socioeconomic status.
Abstract

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