The Role of Interventional Radiology in Overcoming Delivery Barriers for Gene and Cell Therapies

Increased understanding of human genomic and transcriptomic regulation and the impact on disease development has allowed a boom in the development of novel gene and cell therapies. However, there remains a clinical need to optimize delivery to increase therapeutic effectiveness and decrease off-target effects. Interventional radiologists' ability to perform targeted, minimally invasive procedures provides unique paths forward to overcome delivery obstacles. Here, the authors briefly reviewed the fields of gene and cell therapies, reviewed the role interventional radiology has played in the development of gene and cell therapies to date, and discussed potential for future contributions.