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Polarizing macrophages derived from human THP-1 cells in vitro: methods and protocols
Pengfei Li1,2, Lin Chen3, Wei Yuan1
1Laboratory of Animal Center, Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B
|November 23, 2025
Summary
This study details methods for creating diverse activated macrophage phenotypes from THP-1 cells using specific stimuli. It also identifies potential markers for confirming these macrophage types, aiding research.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Human THP-1 cell line macrophages are common substitutes for primary macrophages in research.
- Challenges persist in establishing reliable THP-1 macrophage models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present techniques for generating distinct activated macrophage phenotypes from THP-1 cells.
- To identify potential markers for confirming these activated macrophage phenotypes.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing specific stimuli to induce differentiation and activation of THP-1 cells.
- Characterizing the resulting macrophage phenotypes.
Main Results:
- Successful generation of different activated macrophage phenotypes from THP-1 cells.
- Identification of potential phenotypic markers for confirmation.
Conclusions:
- Novel methods for creating diverse THP-1 macrophage models are provided.
- The findings aim to enhance intuitive and effective research in macrophage biology.
