Synthesis of bio-based N-containing compounds from biomass

Lignocellulose offers a high potential for replacing fossil fuels. Its primary components-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin-can be catalytically transformed into value-added chemicals. The involvement of nitrogen in the degradation of lignocellulose to produce bio-based nitrogen (N)-containing compounds is emerging as a key research focus. This research area is very important because it not only transcends the conventional limitations of C/H/O-containing compounds production but also offers substantial theoretical and practical insights into the rational utilization of lignocellulosic feedstocks. Therefore, with this review we provide insights into accomplishments for the transformation of major components of lignocellulosic biomass, including polysaccharide-derived platform compounds, lignin model compounds, lignin and lignocellulose feedstocks, into value-added N-containing compounds. The focus is on analyzing catalytic systems and reaction mechanisms involving C-O/C-C bond cleavage, as well as C-N bond formation. An outlook is offered to outline the key challenges and future perspectives in this rapidly growing field.