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Exploring the One Health-One Welfare nexus and zoonoses.

Bernabé Vidal1, Lorenzo Verger2,3, Gustavo J Nagy1

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Area of Science:

  • One Health and Governance
  • Public Health and Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Welfare and Environmental Sustainability

Background:

  • One Welfare integrates animal welfare, human wellbeing, and environmental sustainability.
  • Global recognition of One Welfare is growing, but practical implementation is limited.
  • Uruguay's animal welfare regulation gaps highlight risks to public health and zoonotic disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess Uruguay's animal welfare legislation and One Welfare implementation.
  • To identify structural risks and governance deficits linked to animal welfare.
  • To explore how these gaps impact public health resilience and zoonotic disease control.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Uruguay's international animal welfare index ranking.
  • Review of national animal welfare legislation and educational strategies.
  • Systematic assessment of One Welfare conditions, literature review, and policy analysis.

Main Results:

  • Uruguay exhibits legislative fragility and fragmented institutional frameworks for animal welfare.
  • Failures include outdated laws, inadequate animal-ethical perception, and poor control of companion animals.
  • Gaps in surveillance, biosecurity, and routine farm practices amplify zoonotic threats.

Conclusions:

  • One Welfare must be embedded as a governance instrument for integrated health systems.
  • Uruguay's case demonstrates the need for intersectoral solutions to mitigate zoonotic risks.
  • Addressing animal welfare is crucial for enhancing public health and aligning with global sustainability agendas.