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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each...
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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

U-Shaped Horizontal Swimming Technique for Preparing High-Quality Sperm with Low DNA Fragmentation Index
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Sperm Selection Using Cumulus Cell Column Improves Sperm DNA Integrity, Embryo Morphokinetics, and Clinical Outcomes

Mostafa Yousefi1, Mohammad Ali Khalili1, Maryam Eftekhar1

  • 1Research & Clinical Center for Infertility Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science Yazd Iran.

Reproductive Medicine and Biology
|November 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Cumulus cell-based sperm selection significantly reduces sperm DNA fragmentation and improves embryo development. This method enhances key reproductive outcomes, including implantation and live birth rates in ICSI cycles.

Keywords:
ICSIcumulus cell columnembryo morphokineticssperm selection

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Embryology
  • Sperm Biology

Background:

  • Sperm quality is crucial for successful embryo development and clinical outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies.
  • Current sperm selection methods may not fully identify spermatozoa with optimal potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a cumulus cell-based sperm selection method.
  • To determine if this technique enhances intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • 88 ICSI cycles were analyzed, comparing standard density gradient centrifugation (control) with an additional cumulus cell column (CCC) selection step.
  • Embryo development was monitored via time-lapse imaging, and clinical outcomes were recorded.

Main Results:

  • CCC selection significantly reduced sperm DNA fragmentation (37.08% to 23.36%).
  • Embryos from CCC-selected sperm showed faster development and fewer abnormalities.
  • Study group demonstrated higher implantation (58% vs. 28.4%), pregnancy (81.8% vs. 50%), and live birth rates (72.7% vs. 25%).

Conclusions:

  • Cumulus cell-based sperm selection is an effective method for identifying high-quality spermatozoa.
  • This technique improves embryo quality and significantly enhances reproductive outcomes in ICSI cycles.