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VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
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Dynamic face-related eye movement representations in the human ventral pathway.

Zhongbin Su1, Xiaolin Zhou2,3, Stefan Pollmann4,5

  • 1Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Psychology, Shanghai, China.

Communications Biology
|November 25, 2025
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Summary

The ventral pathway dynamically represents facial gaze patterns even without seeing faces. This brain region, crucial for face perception, processes eye movement data, aiding in predicting face categories.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • The ventral pathway is recognized for processing visual information, including face recognition.
  • Previous research indicates involvement of multiple brain areas in face image representation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic representation of face-related eye movements within the ventral pathway.
  • To determine if the ventral pathway processes gaze tracks in the absence of actual image perception.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized magnetoencephalography (MEG) to record brain activity.
  • Participants tracked a moving dot mimicking real gaze tracks from face and house image viewing.
  • Focused on brain activity during simulated eye movements, not direct image viewing.

Main Results:

  • The ventral stream showed a significant role in representing face-related gaze tracks.
  • Activity originated in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and anterior temporal lobe (ATL).
  • Representation extended to the medial temporal and ventral occipitotemporal cortex.

Conclusions:

  • The ventral pathway processes gaze tracks associated with face exploration, independent of image perception.
  • Top-down predictions of face category in OFC and ATL may influence face perception in the ventral occipitotemporal cortex.
  • This suggests a predictive coding mechanism in face processing.