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Memory Function and Huntington's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Justin Guillot1, Mohamad El Haj2,3, Christophe Verny4

  • 1Univ Angers, Nantes Université, [CHU Angers], LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, 49000, Angers, France. justin.guillot@univ-angers.fr.

Neuropsychology Review
|November 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Huntington's disease (HD) causes varied memory deficits, with verbal episodic memory impaired early. Autobiographical memory may be a key marker, requiring further study for targeted interventions.

Keywords:
Autobiographical memoryCognitive impairmentExecutive functionsHuntington’s diseaseMemory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting memory.
  • Understanding specific memory deficits is crucial for patient care and intervention development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and characterize preserved and impaired memory processes in Huntington's disease.
  • To examine how memory deficits vary by disease stage (pre-manifest vs. manifest) and memory subsystem.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar.
  • Inclusion of 136 peer-reviewed studies on genetically or clinically confirmed HD patients (≥18 years).
  • Risk of bias assessment using ROBINS-I and narrative synthesis across memory subsystems and disease stages.

Main Results:

  • Consistent verbal episodic memory impairments (especially free recall) from early HD stages; recognition initially preserved.
  • Progressive visual episodic memory deficits and early olfactory memory impairment.
  • Autobiographical memory disruption noted, potentially independent of executive dysfunction; semantic memory access reduced.

Conclusions:

  • Memory profiles in Huntington's disease are heterogeneous and subsystem-specific.
  • Autobiographical memory may serve as a distinct cognitive marker in HD.
  • Further characterization of memory deficits is vital for developing targeted cognitive interventions.