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A human-STING specific macrocyclic peptide suppresses cGAS-STING-induced inflammation.

Jian Zheng1, Junjie Wu2, Hang Yin1

  • 1Department of Immunology and Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|November 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel macrocyclic peptide, P1, inhibits hyperactive stimulator of interferon genes (STING) by blocking its signaling. The nanoparticle form, Nano-P1, effectively reduced inflammation and improved survival in preclinical models, showing potential for treating STING-related inflammatory diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Hyperactive stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling drives inflammatory diseases.
  • Targeting STING offers a therapeutic strategy for managing inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel inhibitors of human STING (hSTING).
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of a macrocyclic peptide inhibitor in preclinical models of inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Discovery of a macrocyclic peptide (P1) using a pseudonatural macrocyclic peptide platform.
  • In vitro cellular assays to assess P1's effect on hSTING translocation and downstream signaling.
  • Crystallographic analysis of P1-bound hSTING to elucidate the binding mechanism.
  • In vivo studies using nanoparticle-formulated P1 (Nano-P1) in humanized STING mice models.

Main Results:

  • P1 binds to the cyclic nucleotide binding domain of hSTING, trapping it in an inactive conformation.
  • P1 inhibits STING-ER translocation, reducing interferon-β and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
  • Nano-P1 effectively dampened inflammation in cellular and in vivo models, including Trex1-deficient mice.
  • Nano-P1 treatment improved growth and survival in mice with STING-driven inflammation, with no observed toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • The macrocyclic peptide P1 is a potent inhibitor of hSTING.
  • Nano-P1 demonstrates significant therapeutic potential for treating inflammatory conditions driven by hyperactive STING.
  • The safety profile of Nano-P1 supports its potential for clinical applications.