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Physiologic Responses to Simulated Shipboard Firefighting Tasks.

Daniel K Sweet¹, Elizabeth M Lavoie¹, Madyson Sanzotta¹

¹Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.

Military Medicine

|November 25, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Simulated shipboard firefighting tasks significantly increased heart rate and core body temperature in firefighters. Further research is needed to establish safe work-to-rest ratios for these demanding conditions.

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Physiology
Environmental Medicine

Background:

Fire suppression activities pose risks, with cardiac events being a leading cause of death for structural firefighters.
Limited data exists on the physiological strain experienced during shipboard firefighting operations.
This study aimed to investigate the physiological responses during simulated shipboard firefighting tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the physiological responses of firefighters during simulated shipboard firefighting tasks.
To quantify changes in heart rate, core temperature, perceived exertion, and physiological strain index.
To provide data for improving safety protocols in naval firefighting environments.

Main Methods:

Nineteen subjects performed simulated firefighting tasks in protective gear within a heated environmental chamber (40°C, 41% RH).
Tasks included walking, carrying heavy loads, and circuit-based strength exercises until volitional fatigue.
Physiological parameters measured included heart rate (HR), core temperature (TC), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and physiological strain index (PhSI).

Main Results:

All measured physiological variables significantly increased over the duration of the simulated firefighting tasks (P ≤ .01).
Heart rate, core temperature, and perceived exertion showed significant elevations from baseline at all time points.
Physiological strain index became significantly different from baseline starting from the second work circuit (P < .01).

Conclusions:

Simulated shipboard firefighting tasks induce significant tachycardia and hyperthermia in firefighters.
The findings highlight the intense physiological demands of shipboard firefighting.
Recommendations include further research into optimal work-to-rest ratios to mitigate firefighter strain and ensure safety.