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Association Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Hypothyroidism: Insights from Large-Scale Population-Based Studies
Jing Wu1,2,3,4,5,6, Ziwei Liu1,2,3,4,5,6, Luna Liu1,2,3,4,5,6
1Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
Introduction:
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and hypothyroidism are both common conditions that significantly affect patient health. This study examines the link between IBS and hypothyroidism, focusing on how IBS impacts hypothyroidism.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank (UKB) and a cross-sectional analysis from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) were conducted. Propensity score matching was applied to control for confounding factors. Cox proportional hazards models (UKB) and logistic regression models (NIS) were used to evaluate the association between IBS and hypothyroidism. Subgroup analyses by age and sex were performed.
Results:
The UKB cohort included 22,970 IBS patients (mean age 56.1 ± 7.94 years, 72.2% female) with a hypothyroidism prevalence of 4.1%, compared to 438,094 non-IBS participants (mean age 56.4 ± 8.12 years, 51.9% female) with a prevalence of 2.9%. In the NIS, 183,738 IBS patients had a hypothyroidism prevalence of 20.6%, compared to 10.3% in 20,298,589 non-IBS participants. After PSM, the hazard ratio (HR) for hypothyroidism in IBS patients was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.12-1.30, P < 0.001) in the UKB, and the odds ratio (OR) was 1.25 (95% CI: 1.23-1.27, P < 0.001) in the NIS. Subgroup analyses showed a higher risk for hypothyroidism in IBS patients, particularly those aged ≤65 years and females.
Conclusions:
IBS is associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism. Clinicians should consider screening for thyroid dysfunction in IBS patients to improve patient outcomes.
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