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Exploring the Evidence for Personalized Pharmacotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes-A Systematic Review.
Velimir Altabas1,2, Jelena Marinković Radošević1
1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Sestre Milosrdnice UHC, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Journal of Personalized Medicine
|November 26, 2025
Summary
Antidiabetic treatments, like metformin and insulin, alter microRNA (miRNA) expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These miRNA changes may predict treatment outcomes, but more research is needed.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves insulin resistance and hyperglycemia.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression implicated in T2DM.
- Dysregulated miRNA expression is observed in T2DM patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of antidiabetic treatments on miRNA expression.
- To assess the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for T2DM treatment outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
- Inclusion of clinical interventional studies on antidiabetic drugs and miRNA.
- Risk of bias assessment using RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools.
Main Results:
- 17 clinical trials involving 1093 patients were included.
- Antidiabetic treatments were associated with changes in miRNA expression.
- Some miRNA expression changes showed potential for predicting clinical outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Antidiabetic treatments modulate miRNA expression in T2DM.
- miRNAs may serve as predictive biomarkers for metabolic outcomes.
- Further large-scale studies are required due to limited and low-certainty evidence.
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