Marine Bioactive Components and Chronic Neuroinflammation: Focus on Neurodegenerative Disease

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Immunology
• Neuroimmunology

Background:

• The nervous and immune systems are bidirectionally integrated, crucial for brain-body physiology.
• Neuroinflammation is a protective immune response in the brain against pathogens and injury.
• Chronic neuroinflammation is linked to neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the process of neuroinflammation and its role in NDD pathogenesis.
• To explore the therapeutic potential of marine-derived bioactive components in managing neuroinflammation and NDDs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of neuroscience, immunology, and neuroimmunology.
• Analysis of the role of neuroinflammation in AD, PD, MS, and ALS.
• Evaluation of marine-derived bioactive components for anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

Main Results:

• Advances highlight the integrated neuro-immune network.
• Failure in neuroinflammatory processes can lead to chronic low-grade neuroinflammation and NDDs.
• Marine components can modulate metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

• Neuroinflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of major NDDs.
• Marine-derived bioactive components represent a promising therapeutic avenue for neurodegenerative conditions by targeting neuroinflammation.