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Towards a Multidisciplinary Approach of ECG Screening in Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review (2005-2025)
Giovanna Zimatore1,2, Maria Chiara Gallotta3, Matteo Campanella1
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences (DiSTA), eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy.
Background:
The reported data on ECG screening are focused on the last two decades. The objectives of this review were bifold: (i) to identify, within a timespan of twenty years, the most recent literature data on cardiac screening in children and adolescents and (ii) to provide data on the procedures used.
Methods:
Queries were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for the time window of 2005-2025. The mesh terms used were "ECG", "Universal Screening", "Cardiac Pathologies", "Heart Rate", and "Sports Pre-participation Evaluation". Only research articles and review papers were included. The standard English language filter was used. Successively, only research articles were selected.
Results:
Data from 14 papers were considered, reflecting the lack of information about subjects <16 years of age.
Conclusions:
The information on objective ECG screening measures is quite scarce, and it is an urgent need to introduce a multidisciplinary approach to differentiate between ECG physiological changes due to growth and ECG pathological changes due to early pathology.
