Toward a Multi-Trait Genetic Panel Targeting Training, Rehabilitation, and Chronic Disease Prevention: A Narrative...

Area of Science:

• Sports Genomics
• Exercise Physiology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Athletic performance arises from intricate genetic and environmental interactions.
• Polymorphic genes play a crucial role in modulating various aspects of physical capability.
• Understanding genetic predispositions is key to optimizing training and health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and synthesize current literature on genes associated with athletic performance.
• To explore the links between specific genes, endurance, power, strength, injury susceptibility, and metabolic diseases.
• To highlight the clinical relevance of genomics in sports and exercise.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of polymorphic genes and their impact on athletic traits.
• Analysis of gene associations with endurance (e.g., ACE, PPARGC1A), power (e.g., ACTN3, IGF1), and strength (e.g., AR, PPARG).
• Examination of genes linked to injury risk (e.g., COL1A1, IL6) and metabolic diseases (e.g., FTO, PPARG).

Main Results:

• Specific genes identified for endurance, power, and strength performance, regulating key physiological processes.
• Genes associated with increased injury susceptibility and chronic metabolic diseases were cataloged.
• Evidence supports the role of genetic factors in muscle fiber type, metabolism, and recovery.

Conclusions:

• Genetic information can personalize training regimens to enhance athletic performance.
• Genomic insights aid in injury prevention strategies for athletes.
• Exercise interventions guided by genetic data can help mitigate metabolic disease risks.