Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
Published on: September 11, 2021
Perceived Teacher Support Profiles and Students' Mathematics Engagement, Anxiety and Attitude: A Latent Profile
Yu Zhou1, Bin Jing1, Hongliang Ma1
1Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
Abstract:
The importance of perceived teacher support in mathematics learning is well-documented, yet individual student differences have often been overlooked. This study examined Chinese high school students in a highly standardized educational system characterized by a uniform curriculum, competitive rankings, and high-stakes examinations. We adopted a person-centered approach and analyzed perceptions from a sample of 1314 students, identifying three profiles: low (5.78%), medium (44.29%), and high (49.93%) perceived levels of teacher support. Results showed that neither gender nor grade predicted profile membership; however, significant variations emerged in mathematics engagement, anxiety, and attitude. Further analysis revealed significant differences across these profiles in behavioral, cognitive, and emotional engagement, as well as in classroom anxiety, learning motivation, and learning strategy. Mediation analysis demonstrated that mathematics attitude indirectly linked perceived teacher support to mathematics engagement, whereas anxiety did not mediate this relationship. These findings underscore how individual differences in perceived teacher support influence mathematics engagement, anxiety, and attitude. Stronger support fosters a more positive attitude and greater engagement, providing empirical support for differentiated instruction.
Related Concept Videos
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
Surveys
Implicit Personality Theories
Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Styles
Attachment Styles

