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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Evaluation of a Reliable Biomarker in a Cecal Ligation and Puncture-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis
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Citronellol Reduces Sepsis-Induced Renal Inflammation via AP-1/NF-κB/TNF-α Pathway.

Huda Rashid Atiyah1, Sarmed H Kathem2, Surya M Nauli3

  • 1Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Kufa 66001, Iraq.

Biomolecules
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Citronellol, a natural compound, shows promise in protecting kidneys from sepsis-induced inflammation. This study found it reduced kidney damage markers and inflammatory cytokines in a mouse model.

Keywords:
AP-1CLPKIM-1NF-κBTNF-αcitronellolkidney injury

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sepsis leads to excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
  • Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) is a standard mouse model for sepsis-induced kidney injury.
  • Acute kidney inflammation is a critical complication of sepsis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of citronellol against CLP-induced kidney inflammation.
  • To evaluate citronellol's impact on renal function and inflammatory markers in a sepsis model.

Main Methods:

  • Mice underwent Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP) to induce sepsis.
  • Citronellol was administered orally at 50 and 100 mg/kg doses.
  • Renal function was assessed via serum creatinine and urea levels.
  • Inflammatory markers (TNF-α, NF-κB, AP-1, KIM-1) and Murine Sepsis Score (MSS) were measured.

Main Results:

  • CLP significantly impaired renal function, increasing serum urea and creatinine.
  • Citronellol pretreatment (50 and 100 mg/kg) attenuated renal dysfunction.
  • Citronellol reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-κB, AP-1) and KIM-1.
  • Citronellol treatment improved overall sepsis severity as indicated by MSS.

Conclusions:

  • Citronellol demonstrates significant renoprotective effects in a mouse model of sepsis.
  • The compound exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by modulating key cytokine pathways.
  • Citronellol is a potential therapeutic candidate for managing sepsis-associated kidney injury.