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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Analysis and Quantification of Intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T Cells
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An Integrated Microfluidic System for One-Stop Multiplexed Exosomal PD-L1 and MMP9 Automated Analysis with Deep

Yunxing Lu1, Wenjing Zhang2, Qiang Shi1

  • 1School of Science and Technology, Shanghai Open University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Micromachines
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel microfluidic chip for rapid and accurate analysis of exosomal cancer markers like PD-L1 and MMP9. The technology enables sensitive detection for improved cancer identification and personalized treatment strategies.

Keywords:
deep learningexosomesimmune escapeintegrated microfluidic systemphysical invasion

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cancer Research
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Tumor development involves immune escape and physical invasion, with exosomal markers traditionally analyzed using complex methods prone to bias.
  • Non-invasive liquid biopsy using microfluidic technology is advantageous for analyzing exosomal tumor progression markers.
  • Current methods for exosomal marker analysis are often complex and time-consuming, hindering point-of-care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated microfluidic system for on-chip isolation and quantification of exosomal tumor progression markers.
  • To achieve sensitive and accurate detection of PD-L1 and MMP9, key markers in cancer progression.
  • To create a rapid, automated, and user-friendly platform for exosomal analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an integrated microfluidic chip utilizing microfluidic design principles and monodisperse microbeads for efficient sample processing.
  • Implementation of a YOLOv5-based positional migration strategy for automated fluorescence quantification.
  • Validation of the system using four different cell lines to assess exosomal protein signatures and detection limits.

Main Results:

  • The microfluidic system successfully isolated and quantified exosomal PD-L1 and MMP9 with high sensitivity and accuracy.
  • The platform demonstrated a processing time of under 40 minutes for complete analysis.
  • A low detection limit of 12.58 particles/μL was achieved, indicating high sensitivity.
  • Distinct exosomal protein signatures were identified across different cell lines.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic chip offers a sensitive, accurate, and easy-to-handle tool for exosomal marker analysis.
  • This technology holds significant potential for cancer identification and personalized therapy guidance.
  • The system aligns with the growing need for point-of-care testing (POCT) in oncology.