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Long Exhalations as Complementary Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Pilot Study.

Jorge Castejón-España1,2, Sven Vanneste1,3,4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that a breathing technique focusing on long exhalations (LEx) is a feasible complementary treatment for chronic pain (CP). Patients experienced reduced pain and pain catastrophizing, demonstrating the potential of this innovative approach.

Keywords:
breathingchronic painlong exhalationsphysiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic pain (CP) presents significant health system burdens and challenges to well-being.
  • Effective long-term treatments for CP are lacking, necessitating innovative approaches.
  • This study explores a breathing protocol with long exhalations (LEx) as a complementary CP treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of a breathing protocol focused on long exhalations (LEx) for chronic pain (CP) patients.
  • To evaluate LEx breathing as an adjunct to standard physiotherapy care.
  • To measure changes in pain perception and pain catastrophizing.

Main Methods:

  • An observational pilot study involving 18 CP patients.
  • Participants received usual physiotherapy plus training in LEx breathing techniques.
  • Pain scores (Numeric Pain Rating Scale - NPRS) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) were recorded before sessions.

Main Results:

  • Participants significantly improved exhalation times by 64%.
  • NPRS scores decreased by 47% and PCS scores by 33%.
  • A moderate positive correlation was found between exhalation times and NPRS.

Conclusions:

  • LEx breathing techniques, combined with physiotherapy, offer a feasible pain management strategy.
  • This approach effectively reduces subjective pain and pain catastrophizing.
  • Future research should use precise measures for exhalation times in larger samples.