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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Functionalization of Ti Implants

Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Functionalization of Ti Implants

Published on: August 5, 2021

Organic Acid-Based Anodization Process to Produce Bioactive Oxides on Titanium Implants.

Arunendu Ettuthaiyil Sambasivan¹, Amisha Parekh¹, Amol V Janorkar¹

¹Department of Biomedical Materials Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Anodizing titanium implants with organic acids incorporates bone-like minerals into the surface. This enhances biocompatibility and promotes osseointegration, improving implant success rates.

Keywords:

Ca-incorporation Mg-incorporation biocompatibility carbonate-substituted apatite organic acid-based anodization tricalcium phosphate

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Effects of Mechanical Methods Used in Peri-implantitis Treatment on Implant Surface Decontamination and Roughness

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Published on: March 14, 2025

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Surface Chemistry
Orthopedic Research

Background:

Titanium implants offer excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility.
Existing titanium oxide surfaces lack ideal bioactivity for robust osseointegration.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance titanium implant osseointegration by creating bioactive surface oxides.
To incorporate bone-specific elements and compounds into titanium oxide coatings via anodization.

Main Methods:

Commercially pure titanium grade 4 (CPTi) discs were anodized using oxalic, malic, or ascorbic acid electrolytes.
Surface characterization included Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).
Cell culture studies assessed cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation over 21 days.

Main Results:

Anodization created complex oxide topographies with incorporated calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg).
XRD revealed anatase, calcium titanate, calcium oxide, and bone-like carbonated calcium phosphate compounds (e.g., hydroxyapatite).
Anodized surfaces demonstrated favorable cell responses, good cytocompatibility, and early osteogenic differentiation compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Organic acid anodization effectively functionalizes titanium implant surfaces with bone-mimicking compounds.
These enhanced surfaces show significant promise for improving osseointegration and clinical outcomes of titanium implants.