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Optical Camera-Based Integrated Sensing and Communication for V2X Applications: Model and Optimization.

Ke Dong1,2, Wenying Cao1, Mingjun Wang1,2

  • 1School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710049, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

An optical camera-based system enhances vehicular communication and sensing. Optimizing camera exposure time significantly improves performance, offering a computationally efficient solution for V2X applications.

Keywords:
OC-ISACchannel modelexposure effectintegrated sensing and communicationoptical camera communicationvehicle-to-everything communicationvisible light communication

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics and Photonics
  • Computer Vision and Image Processing
  • Wireless Communications

Background:

  • Vehicular-to-everything (V2X) applications require robust sensing and communication in diverse environments.
  • Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems offer potential for enhanced performance.
  • Visible light spectrum presents opportunities for optical ISAC (OC-ISAC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and model an optical camera-based integrated sensing and communication (OC-ISAC) system for V2X.
  • To analyze the impact of camera imaging parameters, specifically exposure time, on joint sensing and communication performance.
  • To develop an efficient algorithm for optimizing exposure time in OC-ISAC systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel OC-ISAC channel model considering light propagation from 3D space to image sensors.
  • Systematically analyzed the trade-off between sensing and communication performance based on camera parameters.
  • Derived a closed-form, analytically tractable suboptimal algorithm for near-optimal exposure time selection.
  • Reduced computational complexity from O(N) to O(1) compared to exhaustive search.

Main Results:

  • The proposed OC-ISAC model effectively integrates sensing and communication within the visible light spectrum.
  • Exposure time is identified as a critical parameter impacting joint performance.
  • The suboptimal algorithm achieves near-optimal performance with a modest 5.71% average normalized deviation.
  • Experimental validation confirms the theoretical findings.

Conclusions:

  • Careful selection of exposure time is crucial for optimal dual-functional performance in high-speed OC-ISAC scenarios.
  • Explicit compensation for the camera's low-pass filtering effect is essential for receiver design.
  • The developed algorithm provides an efficient solution for optimizing OC-ISAC systems.