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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Evaluating Clinicians' Adoption of Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Cannulation Through Simulation Training
Published on: August 9, 2024
[Urological training: contemporary challenges and new approaches]
Nuno Cabral Ferreira1, Massimo Valerio1, Philippe Sebe1
1Service d'urologie, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.
Abstract:
Traditional surgical training, based on apprenticeship, no longer meets contemporary requirements. The Competency-Based Postgraduate Medical Education approach and Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) offer a structured framework for assessing competencies. This review examines the effectiveness of these concepts and their implementation in urology. International data confirm that EPAs allow for the standardized progression of surgical competencies. In urology, frameworks of 16 to 32 EPAs have been validated. A pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of this approach in Switzerland. Challenges include the imbalance between technical and non-technical competencies, as well as the need to adapt frameworks to the Swiss context. Successful implementation requires training supervisors and identifying motivated team leaders.
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Introduction to Urinary System
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...