A Rare Case of Wolfram Syndrome in a 27-Year-Old Male From Nepal

Wolfram syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and progressive neurodegeneration, often summarized by the acronym DIDMOAD (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness). We report a 27-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus, progressive visual loss leading to blindness, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. His family history was notable for diabetes-related mortalities and visual impairment in multiple members of the family. Clinical evaluation showed uncontrolled blood glucose level, optic atrophy, and high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. A clinical diagnosis of Wolfram syndrome was made using the Euro-Wolfram, Alström, and Bardet-Biedl (WABB) criteria. Wolfram syndrome should be suspected in young patients with early-onset diabetes mellitus and visual or hearing impairment. This case report highlights the role of timely multidisciplinary management in preventing disease-related complications.