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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

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Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Peripheral Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Without Left Ventricular Venting
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Predictive and prognostic factors for prolonged ECMO: a multicenter retrospective study.

Kota Hoshino1,2,3, Naofumi Bunya4, Jun Hamaguchi5

  • 1Emergency and Critical Care Center, Okinawa Prefectural Nanbu Medical Center and Children's Medical Center, 118-1 Arakawa, Haebaru-cho, Shimajiri, Okinawa, 901-1193, Japan. hoshinoqq@yahoo.co.jp.

Journal of Artificial Organs : the Official Journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Lower positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) before extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) predicts prolonged ECMO in severe COVID-19 patients. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on day 21 predicts survival in these prolonged ECMO cases.

Keywords:
COVID-19Organ failurePEEPRespiratory failureSOFA score

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Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse
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Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse

Published on: October 24, 2018

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Prolonged ECMO is linked to high resource use and worse patient outcomes.
  • Identifying predictors and prognostic factors for prolonged ECMO is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictors of prolonged ECMO in severe COVID-19 patients.
  • To explore prognostic indicators for patients requiring prolonged ECMO.
  • To compare prognostic performance with existing scoring systems.

Main Methods:

  • Multicenter retrospective study of venovenous ECMO for severe COVID-19 in Japan (Jan 2020 - Dec 2021).
  • Defined prolonged ECMO as ≥21 days.
  • Analyzed baseline characteristics, pre-ECMO factors, and prognostic factors on ECMO day 21.

Main Results:

  • 32% of 121 patients required prolonged ECMO.
  • Lower pre-ECMO positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) predicted prolonged ECMO (AUC: 0.70).
  • Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on ECMO day 21 predicted in-hospital survival (AUC: 0.82) and outperformed other scores.

Conclusions:

  • Low pre-ECMO PEEP is a key predictor of prolonged ECMO.
  • The SOFA score on day 21 is a strong independent predictor of survival in prolonged ECMO patients.
  • Continuous organ dysfunction assessment aids prognostic evaluation and clinical decisions.