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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
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Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model
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Cervical Intradural/Extramedullary Intervertebral Disc Extrusion in a Dog.

Koen Maurits Santifort1,2, Quinten Van Koulil1, Laurent S Garosi3

  • 1Evidensia Small Animal Hospital "Hart van Brabant", Waalwijk, the Netherlands.

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association
|November 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reports the first case of a dog experiencing cervical intradural/extramedullary intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). This condition caused progressive tetraparesis and was diagnosed using MRI and surgical findings.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Canine Spinal Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging in Veterinary Medicine
Keywords:
Y‐signbeak signdisc herniationintrathecalneck

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Background:

  • Subacute progressive asymmetrical tetraparesis and cervical hyperesthesia are significant neurological deficits in dogs.
  • Intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) is a common cause of spinal cord compression, typically presenting as an extradural or intramedullary lesion.
  • Intradural/extramedullary IVDE is a rare form of disc extrusion, presenting unique diagnostic challenges.