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Opposite aging effects among cell subsets revealed in the human transcriptome and epigenome
Daigo Okada1,2,3
1Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan.
Micropublication Biology
|November 28, 2025
Summary
Opposite aging effects, where gene expression increases in some human cell subsets while decreasing in others, were observed at both transcriptomic and epigenomic levels. This phenomenon extends findings from mouse studies to human aging research.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Previous research identified opposing aging effects on gene expression across mouse cell subsets.
- Cell subsets are defined by tissue and cell type combinations.
- Aging can increase gene expression in one subset while decreasing it in another.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if opposite aging effects are present in human cell subsets.
- To analyze transcriptomic and epigenomic data for aging patterns in humans.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a database of differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
- Analyzed differentially accessible regions (DARs) across human cell subsets.
- Compared aging effects across various human cell types and tissues.
Main Results:
- Opposite aging effects were identified in human cell subsets.
- These effects were observed at the transcriptomic level (gene expression).
- Opposite aging effects were also detected at the epigenomic level (DNA accessibility).
Conclusions:
- Opposite aging effects are a conserved phenomenon across species, occurring in human cell subsets.
- Both gene expression and epigenetic accessibility show opposing aging trends.
- This suggests complex, context-dependent aging mechanisms within the human cellular landscape.
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