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Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Combining Single-molecule Manipulation and Imaging for the Study of Protein-DNA Interactions
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Combining Single-molecule Manipulation and Imaging for the Study of Protein-DNA Interactions

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Disentangling a Complex Biomolecular World with Single-Molecule Resolution.

Wenxian Tang1, David Fuentenebro Navas2, Benjamin Vermeer3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Building 1096, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland. wenxian.tang@unibas.ch.

Chimia
|November 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-molecule techniques like nanopore recordings and single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) overcome limitations of traditional methods. These powerful tools reveal complex biomolecular dynamics and compositions at the highest resolution.

Keywords:
BiomoleculesConformational changeDynamicsFRETNanoporeSingle-molecule technique

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Last Updated: Jan 6, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Biological systems depend on complex mixtures of biomolecules.
  • Biomolecules exhibit dynamic rearrangements, including movement, interactions, and conformational changes, crucial for cellular function.
  • Traditional ensemble techniques struggle to resolve the compositional and dynamic complexities of these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review single-molecule techniques for analyzing biomolecular complexity.
  • To highlight the capabilities of nanopore recordings and single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) measurements.
  • To introduce non-expert readers to the benefits of single-molecule experiments in studying biomolecular mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of nanopore recordings as a single-molecule technique.
  • Explanation of single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) measurements.
  • Focus on resolving biomolecular composition and dynamics at the single-molecule level.

Main Results:

  • Single-molecule techniques offer ultimate resolution for unraveling molecular mixtures.
  • These methods can resolve dynamic biomolecular processes, including time-varying conformations and interactions.
  • Applications include analyzing nucleic acid sequence space, messenger molecule stoichiometries, and protein dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Single-molecule experiments overcome ensemble averaging and dynamic range limitations.
  • They provide unique, quantitative descriptions of complex biomolecular mechanisms.
  • These techniques are essential for a deeper understanding of life's molecular machinery.