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The difference in hinge axis position determined by virtual versus conventional planning in orthognathic surgery
Jonas Rosenbusch1, Moritz Kanemeier1, Thomas Stamm1
1Department of Orthodontics, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude W 30, Münster, 48149, Germany.
BMC Oral Health
|November 29, 2025
Summary
Virtual (VSP) and conventional orthognathic surgery planning (CSP) methods show statistically significant but clinically acceptable differences in determining hinge axis position (Ax). Both approaches are reliable for surgical planning.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Orthodontics
- Surgical Planning
Background:
- Comparing hinge axis position (Ax) determination between virtual (VSP) and conventional surgery planning (CSP) in orthognathic surgery.
- Evaluating the clinical applicability of VSP against CSP for precise surgical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the hinge axis position (Ax) determined by virtual surgery planning (VSP) versus conventional surgery planning (CSP).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 320 adult patients undergoing single- or two-jaw surgery.
- Measurement of three parameters (α, AxV, AxH) for Ax determination using VSP and CSP on cephalograms.
- Statistical analysis using paired t-tests and Bland-Altman plots.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant differences observed for all parameters: α (-1.83°), AxV (-0.24 mm), and AxH (0.46 mm).
- The conventional surgery planning (CSP) method tended to overestimate the hinge axis position.
- All observed differences were within the clinically acceptable range.
Conclusions:
- While statistically significant, the differences in hinge axis position between VSP and CSP are clinically insignificant.
- Both virtual and conventional orthognathic surgery planning methods provide acceptable results for hinge axis determination.
