Best Practices for Implementing Virtual Nursing: An Evidence-Based Practice Literature Review

One way to address the projected shortfalls in the quality and quantity of the nursing workforce is by implementing a virtual nursing role in the intensive care unit. Although virtual nursing is an established model of care for advanced practice providers, there are no well-established best practices for operationalizing virtual nursing to support bedside nurses.

To evaluate the literature related to implementing virtual nursing in the intensive care unit.

The Johns Hopkins evidence-based practice model was used to formulate the practice question and review and appraise the literature.

The search yielded 17 reports with primarily anecdotal evidence. Although the evidence provided low levels of support for recommendations, 3 major themes emerged: operational considerations, attitudes of staff members and associated leadership solutions, and education for patients and staff members.

Virtual nursing is an emerging technology. Some guidance on implementing these programs is available, but more rigorous implementation science research is needed.