Recurrent High-Risk Neuroblastoma in an Adult Woman 28 Years following Curative Treatment

Neuroblastoma is a common pediatric solid tumor that frequently presents with high-risk disease.

An adult woman with a remote history of childhood neuroblastoma at age two presented to the hospital with spinal cord compression. She was ultimately diagnosed with metastatic neuroblastoma 28 years following her initial diagnosis. The patient had previously been in sustained remission, was functional and actively working, and had undergone follow-up in a cancer survivorship clinic. To our knowledge, this is the longest reported period from remission of neuroblastoma to recurrence, as the patient was well into adulthood at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, she presented with florid disease, characterized by diffuse osseous, solid organ involvement, and progressive cytopenia. She was treated with chemotherapy but developed multiple complications.

This report illustrates an exceptionally rare late presentation of recurrent high-grade neuroblastoma, treatment course, and clinical outcome.