Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Chinese Herbal Retention Enema for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
Published on: May 16, 2025
Second-line treatment strategies of ulcerative colitis after conventional therapy failure: A systematic review and
Yanan Xu1,2, Wenshuo Jiang1,2, Meizhu Jiang1,2
1Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.
Purpose:
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for ulcerative colitis (UC), promoting more precise management of refractory ulcerative colitis.
Methods:
Relevant randomized controlled trials involving refractory UC patients were systematically searched in electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Data were independently extracted by three investigators. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for key outcomes: remission, response, mucosal healing, and serious adverse events using random-effects models. Network meta-analysis, utilizing a frequency model, established comparative rankings, with surface under cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) determining optimal treatments.
Results:
A total of nineteen studies, containing 5,450 patients, were included. In the induction phase, Qing-Chang-Hua-Shi emerged as the most effective drug for remission (RR vs placebo 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.95; SUCRA, 0.89). Cyclosporine showed the most promising effect for treatment response (RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07-0.67; SUCRA, 0.90). Tacrolimus was most effective in terms of mucosal healing (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.44-0.73; SUCRA, 0.89). Recombinant interferon-β-1a exhibited the lowest risk of serious adverse events (RR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01-0.62; SUCRA, 0.94).
Conclusion:
No single drug demonstrated consistent superiority across all four evaluated outcomes for refractory ulcerative colitis. Treatment strategies should therefore be individualized according to specific clinical objectives and the quality of available evidence.
More Related Videos
08:58Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
Published on: January 5, 2017
05:41Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model
Published on: April 6, 2022
Related Concept Videos
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management
Pharmacologic...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management
The therapeutic approach involves ensuring adequate rest, implementing drug therapy, promoting smoking cessation, making dietary modifications, and emphasizing long-term follow-up care.
Pharmacological management
The prevailing therapy for peptic ulcers involves a combination of managing the patient's current...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents