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Updated: Jan 9, 2026
The Effect of Charging and Discharging Lithium Iron Phosphate-graphite Cells at Different Temperatures on Degradation
Published on: July 18, 2018
Unveiling the Graphite Electrolyte Interphase Evolution under Fast Charging Conditions in Commercial Cells
Alex Liu1, Weikang Li1, Bing Han1
1Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries degrade differently at various charging rates. Solid-electrolyte interphase formation causes lithium loss at low rates, while graphite electrode kinetics limit performance at high rates.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries are gaining traction in electric vehicles due to their thermal stability and longevity.
- Understanding degradation is crucial for enhancing the performance and safety of LiFePO4 batteries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cycling-induced degradation mechanisms in 18650 LiFePO4/graphite full cells.
- To analyze how varying charge rates affect battery degradation.
Main Methods:
- Electrochemical performance testing.
- Surface and bulk morphology analysis.
- Composition and structural analysis of cathode and anode materials.
Main Results:
- Irreversible lithium loss, mainly from solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, dominates at lower charge rates.
- Above 4C, graphite electrode degradation is limited by lithium-ion intercalation kinetics.
- Degradation mechanisms exhibit spatial variations across the graphite electrode.
Conclusions:
- Degradation pathways in LiFePO4/graphite systems are rate-dependent.
- Graphite electrode kinetics and SEI formation are key factors influencing battery life under fast-charging conditions.
- Insights gained can guide the development of improved fast-charging lithium-ion batteries.
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