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The recreational athlete's heart: sex-specific three-dimensional echocardiographic reference values in relation to

Theresa Hofbauer1,2, Stefan Heber1,3,4, Harald Schöny5

  • 1Department for Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Center for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, Vienna 1150, Austria.

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
|December 2, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
Athlete’s heartExercise capacityPreventionScreeningSports cardiologyV̇O2max

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